Monte Carlo study of the aqueous hydration of dimethyl phosphate conformations Abstract: Monte Carlo computer simulations were performed on dilute aqueous solutions of the dimethylphosphate anion and the sodium dimethylphospahe ion pair, with the two phosphodiester torsional angles in the gauche-gauche, gauche-trans, and trans-trans conformations. The structural and energetic aspects of the aqueous hydration of each molecule were analyzed in terms of quasi component distribution functions based on the proximity criterion and partitioned into ionic, hydrophilic, and hydrophobic contributions to facilitate the understanding of the hydration pattern and conformational trends in these multifunctional solutes. Special attention was also paid to methodological issues affecting hydration such as statistical uncertainty in the determined hydration indices, choice of partial atomic charges for the solute atoms and solute-water interaction potentials adopted in the simulations. The results showed that the gauche-trans and gauche-gauche forms are equally favorable for the dimethylphosphate anion with the trans extended form destabilized by hydration. The sodium dimethylphosphate ion pair hydration energetically favors the trans-trans conformation.